About Hernia surgery

Hernias occur when organs or tissues push through a weakened area of the abdominal wall. Here are five common symptoms associated with hernias:

• Visible Bulge: A noticeable lump or bulge under the skin, especially when standing, coughing, or straining, is a common sign. This bulge represents the protrusion of organs, often the intestines, through the weakened abdominal wall.

• Pain or Discomfort: Hernias can cause pain or discomfort at the site of the bulge, which may range from a dull ache to sharp pain. This discomfort often worsens with activities that strain the abdominal muscles.

• Feeling of Heaviness: Many individuals with hernias experience a sensation of heaviness or pressure in the abdomen, particularly when standing or lifting heavy objects. This is due to the herniated tissue putting pressure on surrounding muscles.

• Burning or Gurgling Sensation: A burning or gurgling sensation can occur at the site of the bulge, often caused by stomach acid or intestinal contents passing through the herniated area.

• Difficulty Swallowing or Indigestion: In cases of hiatal hernias, which occur in the upper stomach, symptoms may include difficulty swallowing, indigestion, or heartburn, as stomach acid moves into the esophagus.

Surgical intervention is typically required to repair a hernia and relieve symptoms. The process generally follows these steps:

• Medical Evaluation: The healthcare provider performs a detailed examination, often using imaging tests like ultrasound or CT scans, to confirm the hernia’s presence, size, and type, and to determine the appropriate treatment plan.

• Watchful Waiting or Lifestyle Changes: In cases where the hernia is small and not causing significant symptoms, a “watchful waiting” approach may be recommended. Lifestyle changes, such as managing weight and avoiding activities that worsen the hernia, may also be advised.

• Hernia Surgery (Herniorrhaphy): Surgical repair is the most common treatment. This can be done using traditional open surgery or minimally invasive laparoscopic techniques. During the procedure, the herniated tissue is repositioned, and the weakened abdominal wall is strengthened with stitches or a mesh patch to prevent recurrence.

• Open Hernia Repair: In open surgery, a larger incision is made over the hernia site. This approach is often chosen for more complex hernias or when laparoscopic surgery is not feasible.

• Laparoscopic Hernia Repair: A minimally invasive option, laparoscopic surgery involves small incisions and the use of a camera (laparoscope) for visualization. It typically offers faster recovery, less postoperative pain, and a shorter hospital stay compared to open surgery.