About Orchidopexy Surgery

Orchidopexy surgery is a medical procedure aimed at correcting cryptorchidism, a condition where one or both testicles fail to descend into the scrotum. The primary goal of this surgery is to reposition the undescended testicle(s) into the scrotum, which is essential for normal development and function. If left untreated, cryptorchidism can lead to complications such as infertility, an increased risk of testicular cancer, and difficulties with hormone production. Signs that may indicate the need for orchidopexy include the absence of one or both testicles in the scrotum, abnormal testicular size or position, and the inability to palpate the testicles during a physical examination. Performing this surgery helps prevent potential long-term complications associated with undescended testicles.

Procedure of Orchidopexy Surgery

1. Preoperative Assessment: A comprehensive evaluation of the patient’s medical history is conducted, along with a thorough physical examination to confirm the diagnosis of undescended testicles (cryptorchidism). Imaging studies may also be utilized to assess the condition further.

2. Administration of Anesthesia: The type of anesthesia used depends on the patient’s age and the surgeon’s preference. General anesthesia is commonly employed in pediatric cases to ensure the child’s comfort and safety during the procedure.

3. Surgical Incision: A strategic incision is made in the lower abdomen or groin area, targeting the exact location of the undescended testicle. The incision may be unilateral or bilateral, depending on whether one or both testicles are affected.

4. Identification of Vas Deferens and Blood Vessels: The surgeon carefully identifies the vas deferens and the associated blood vessels connected to the undescended testicle. This step is crucial for successfully repositioning the testicle.

5. Mobilization and Placement: The surgeon gently mobilizes the testicle by removing any surrounding tissue or adhesions. If necessary, a small pouch (dartos pouch) may be created within the scrotum to secure the testicle in its new position.

6. Stabilization: To prevent future complications, the repositioned testicle is secured within the dartos pouch. This stabilization is vital for the long-term success of the orchidopexy procedure.

7. Postoperative Care and Follow-Up: After the surgery, hemostasis is achieved with sutures or staples, and the patient is monitored in the recovery room. Detailed postoperative care instructions are provided, including guidelines for wound care and movement restrictions. Follow-up appointments are scheduled to ensure proper healing and to manage any potential complications.