About Piles Surgery

Piles, also known as hemorrhoids, arise from various factors that lead to the swelling of blood vessels in the anal and rectal area. Here are five common causes:

1. Straining During Bowel Movements: Chronic straining, often due to constipation or prolonged sitting on the toilet, increases pressure on the blood vessels in the rectum, contributing to hemorrhoid formation.

2. Pregnancy and Childbirth: Increased pressure on pelvic blood vessels during pregnancy, along with the strain of childbirth, can lead to the development or worsening of hemorrhoids.

3. Obesity: Excess weight places additional pressure on rectal veins, raising the risk of hemorrhoids. Maintaining a healthy weight is essential for prevention.

4. Low-Fiber Diet: Insufficient fiber intake can lead to constipation, resulting in hard, dry stools that require straining, which can further exacerbate hemorrhoid formation.

5. Sedentary Lifestyle: A lack of physical activity and prolonged sitting or standing can hinder blood flow in the rectal area, contributing to hemorrhoid development. Regular exercise supports proper circulation and helps prevent this condition.

Symptoms of Piles

Hemorrhoids present with distinctive symptoms that can vary in severity. Here are six common signs associated with this condition:

1. Rectal Bleeding: Bright red blood during or after bowel movements is a primary symptom. This occurs when swollen blood vessels rupture, resulting in blood on toilet paper or in the toilet bowl.

2. Pain and Discomfort: Hemorrhoids can cause pain, especially during bowel movements, manifesting as aching, burning, or itching sensations around the anal region.

3. Anal Itching and Irritation: Persistent itching and irritation around the anus can occur, often exacerbated by mucus discharge from the swollen blood vessels.

4. Swelling and Lump Formation: External hemorrhoids may cause visible swelling or a lump around the anal area, which can be felt during self-examination or may be noticeable externally.

5. Protrusion during Bowel Movements: Internal hemorrhoids may prolapse or protrude outside the anal opening during bowel movements, causing a feeling of incomplete evacuation.

6. Painful Defecation: Individuals with piles may experience discomfort while passing stools, especially if the hemorrhoids are inflamed or if anal fissures are present.

Procedure of Piles Surgery

Piles surgery, or hemorrhoidectomy, is a medical intervention for severe hemorrhoids that do not respond to conservative treatments. Here’s an overview of the procedure in five key points:

1. Medical Evaluation and Diagnosis: Before surgery, a healthcare provider conducts a thorough examination, including a digital rectal exam, to assess the severity and type of hemorrhoids. Diagnostic procedures such as anoscopy or sigmoidoscopy may be employed to visualize the rectum and confirm the diagnosis.

2. Anesthesia and Incision: Piles surgery is usually performed under general anesthesia for patient comfort. The surgeon then makes an incision in the affected area to expose the hemorrhoidal tissue.

3. Hemorrhoid Removal: The surgeon removes the swollen and inflamed hemorrhoidal tissue. This may involve excision using a scalpel or a stapling device to reposition and cut off the blood supply to the hemorrhoids. The choice of method depends on the specific case and the surgeon’s preference.

4. Closure of Incisions: After excising the hemorrhoidal tissue, the incisions are closed with stitches or left open to heal naturally, based on the surgical approach. The surgeon may also place a dressing or pack to aid in the healing process.

5. Postoperative Care and Recovery: Post-surgery, patients receive care to manage pain, prevent infection, and promote healing. Recovery times vary, but most individuals can resume normal activities within a few weeks. A high-fiber diet, hydration, and healthy bowel habits are essential in postoperative care to prevent recurrence and ensure optimal recovery.