Uterine Prolapse Surgery
Uterine prolapse occurs when the uterus descends or protrudes into the vaginal canal due to weakened pelvic floor muscles and ligaments. This condition can lead to discomfort, urinary and bowel issues, and significantly affect a woman's quality of life. Uterine prolapse surgery, also referred to as uterine suspension or uterine prolapse repair, aims to restore pelvic support and alleviate the associated symptoms. In this article, we will examine the concept of uterine prolapse surgery, its importance in treating uterine prolapse, and the common procedures involved.
About Uterine Prolapse Surgery
Uterine prolapse surgery is a surgical procedure aimed at correcting the displacement of the uterus and restoring its proper position within the pelvis. The specific surgical approach chosen will depend on the severity of the prolapse, the patient’s overall health, and the surgeon’s expertise.
Procedure of Uterine Prolapse Surgery
The surgical technique for uterine prolapse may vary, but common approaches include:
Vaginal Approach (Vaginal Hysterectomy with Suspension)
- Anaesthesia: The patient is administered general or regional anaesthesia for comfort during the procedure.
- Incision: A surgical incision is made in the vagina to access the uterus and surrounding structures.
- Removal of the Uterus (Hysterectomy): If the uterus is no longer necessary or is severely affected by prolapse, it may be removed.
- Suspension of the Vaginal Vault: The remaining vaginal tissue is attached to nearby ligaments or supportive structures, restoring pelvic support and preventing future prolapse.
Abdominal Approach (Sacral Colpopexy)
- Anaesthesia: General anesthesia is used to ensure the patient’s comfort throughout the procedure.
- Incision: An abdominal incision, typically below the belly button, is made to access the pelvic organs.
- Mesh Placement: A synthetic mesh is placed to create a supportive sling between the top of the vagina and the sacrum (the lower part of the spine), providing long-term support for the uterus and preventing prolapse.
- Closure: The incisions are carefully closed using sutures or surgical staples.
Minimally Invasive Approach (Laparoscopic or Robotic Surgery)
- Anaesthesia: General anaesthesia is administered, and the patient is positioned for laparoscopic or robotic access.
- Trocar Placement: Small incisions are made in the abdomen for the insertion of trocars (thin instruments).
- Instrumentation and Visualisation: Laparoscopic instruments or robotic arms are utilised to perform the procedure with high-definition visualization.
- Mesh Placement or Ligament Suspension: Depending on the technique, either synthetic mesh or supportive ligaments may be used to restore pelvic support.
- Closure: The small incisions are closed with sutures or surgical glue.