About Sacral Nerve Stimulation (SNS)
Symptoms: Sacral Nerve Stimulation (SNS) is designed to treat pelvic pain syndromes, such as interstitial cystitis, as well as urinary and fecal incontinence. Common symptoms include loss of bladder or bowel control, urgency, frequency, and pain during urination or bowel movements.

Causes: These symptoms may arise from various conditions, including overactive bladder, fecal incontinence, neurological bladder dysfunction, and pelvic floor abnormalities. Contributing factors can include muscle weakness, nerve injury, or other underlying medical issues affecting the bladder, intestines, or pelvic region.

Remedies: SNS involves the implantation of a device that stimulates the sacral nerves with electrical impulses, thereby enhancing bladder and bowel function. This treatment is considered when more conservative methods—such as behavioral therapy, medication, and pelvic floor exercises—fail to provide adequate relief. SNS offers patients a reversible and customizable solution for managing pelvic discomfort and incontinence.

Procedure of Sacral Nerve Stimulation
Evaluation: Patients undergo a comprehensive assessment by a multidisciplinary team, which may include urologists, gastroenterologists, or pain specialists, to determine the necessity of SNS. This evaluation reviews the patient’s medical history, symptom severity, and the effectiveness of prior treatments.

Trial Period: Before permanent implantation, patients typically participate in a trial period. During this minimally invasive procedure, a temporary electrode is placed near the sacral nerves, usually under local anesthesia. Patients assess symptom relief over several days to weeks.

Implantation: If the trial demonstrates significant symptom improvement, the patient proceeds with permanent implantation. A small, battery-operated pulse generator is surgically placed beneath the skin, typically in the buttocks or lower abdomen.

Placement of Electrodes: During the implantation, a small incision in the lower back allows for the placement of one or more electrodes near the sacral nerves. These electrodes deliver precise electrical impulses to influence nerve function.

Programming: After implantation, a clinician programs the pulse generator to deliver electrical impulses tailored to the patient’s needs. These settings can be adjusted over time to optimize symptom relief and minimize side effects.

Recovery and Aftercare: Post-treatment, patients are monitored for complications and to ensure proper healing. Regular follow-up appointments assess symptom relief, allow for programming adjustments, and address any concerns.

Long-term Care: Patients receive guidance on maintaining the implanted device, including battery charging (if applicable) and avoiding activities that could damage it. Regular assessments and potential battery replacements may be necessary to sustain the effectiveness of SNS therapy.