About Lung Biopsy

Causes: Lung biopsies are conducted to diagnose and rule out various lung diseases, including infections, interstitial lung diseases, and lung cancer. They are typically recommended when imaging tests reveal abnormalities in lung tissue that require further investigation.

Symptoms: While there are no symptoms directly associated with the biopsy itself, patients may experience mild discomfort or stiffness at the biopsy site afterward. In rare cases, complications such as infection, bleeding, or pneumothorax (lung collapse) can occur.

Remedies: Prescription pain relievers are often effective for managing post-procedure discomfort. If complications arise, medical interventions such as monitoring, medications, or additional procedures may be necessary to address issues like bleeding or infection. It is essential to report any unusual symptoms to healthcare professionals promptly for effective management.

Procedure of Lung Biopsy

1. Preparation: The patient undergoes a thorough evaluation, including a review of their medical history and imaging tests, to determine the necessity of a lung biopsy.

2. Anesthesia: Depending on the biopsy method and the patient’s preference, either general anesthesia (to induce unconsciousness) or local anesthesia (to numb the biopsy site) is administered prior to the procedure.

3. Biopsy Method Selection: The healthcare provider considers factors such as the location and size of the abnormality, the patient’s overall health, and personal preferences when choosing the appropriate biopsy technique. Common methods include surgical biopsy, needle biopsy, and bronchoscopy.

4. Guidance: Imaging techniques such as CT scans or fluoroscopy are used to guide the biopsy tool to the targeted area within the lung.

5. Sample Collection: A small sample of lung tissue is obtained from the abnormal area using the chosen biopsy instrument. During bronchoscopy, tissue samples are collected by passing a tiny brush or forceps through the bronchoscope. In needle biopsies, a thin needle is inserted through the skin or chest wall to obtain tissue. Surgical biopsies involve making an incision to extract a larger tissue sample.

6. Specimen Handling: The collected tissue sample is carefully labeled, preserved, and sent to a laboratory for microscopic examination by a pathologist.

7. Post-procedure Care: After the biopsy, the patient is closely monitored for potential complications, such as bleeding or pneumothorax. Depending on the biopsy method and specific circumstances, the patient may be observed in the healthcare facility or discharged the same day. Follow-up appointments are scheduled to discuss biopsy results and any necessary further care.